Spring 2018 Transfer Update - UGA Undergraduate Admissions

Spring 2018 Transfer Update - UGA Undergraduate Admissions Spring 2018 Transfer Update Today, our office started reviewing Spring 2018 transfer applications. This is earlier than I expected, but we are way ahead of the timelines we have predicted for Summer/Fall transfers updates and final HS transcript reviews for freshmen. The 8/15 application deadline for spring has not passed and we are still receiving applications and documents, so we cannot say how long it will take us to finish or guess when you will hear a decision. If you applied for the spring term, please be sure to check your Status page to see if we have your most up-to-date transcript(s). If you were enrolled in coursework this summer and have not sent a transcript with your summer grades, you should have one sent as soon as possible. To be complete and ready to review, we must have a transcript from each college/university you havepreviouslyattended. If you are attending a new college starting in the Fall 2017 semester, we do not need a transcript, as there will not be any grades on the transcript. If yo u are admitted, we will need a transcript when fall term is done, though, as we will need to post these grades. Just like Summer and Fall transfer decisions, we will release our decisions every Friday in the late afternoon, and emails will go out to students roughly 15 minutes after a decision is released indicating a change to a students status (no decision information is in the email, as it directs applicants to the status page for a decision). As such, there is no need to constantly check your status page or contact us by email or phone, as we only release decisions by the status page and by mail. Generally, our office reviews transfer files chronologically based on when the file is complete (all materials are in), but this is not set in stone, as some file reviews might be delayed due to the complexity of the transcripts or due to our office not having past data on transferable work from certain colleges. We will be reviewing Spring Freshmen applicants sometime in mid-late September after the deadline has passed and all files are ready for review. Go Dawgs!

Class Inequality Impacted Individuals On The Lower End Of...

Many individuals in the country are struggling to make ends meet on a good day, so what happens when disaster strikes? They are unprepared, have a harder time recovering, and their risk and devastation are increased in the disaster. Class inequality impacts individuals on the lower end of the scale. They have less access to resources to prepare themselves before the disaster strikes, and after disaster strikes they have even less resources to recover with. Lower class individuals are also at a higher risk of devastation during a disaster because they cannot always escape before the disaster hits or have the potential to live in areas that are less likely to be affected. Individuals with less resources are often times unprepared for disasters because all of their time, money, and energy is spent on what is currently happening. For many, they cannot afford to pay all of their bills on time and cannot put money back for emergencies that may or may not happen. A lot of individuals wi th lower incomes or no incomes are already living in places that are unsafe, and many do not own their own homes and do not have renter s insurance because in their opinion that is an extra unnecessary bill. Some individuals are not healthy enough to prepare for disasters because they cannot afford health care and can barely work enough to stay in poverty and out of homelessness. In the case of homeless individuals, they have no resources whatsoever. If they live in shelters or on the streetsShow MoreRelatedThe Working Poor by D. Shipler Essay1093 Words   |  5 Pagesfind them as we understand them to be the working class. There are those that may express the thought of having a job is a means of not only taking care of everyday natural needs, but it should produce the opportunity to rise above status quo or improve one’s condition, thus we see the Functionalist perspective applied. The reading brings to mind those that render our communities a humble service, working in what society may deem as a dead end job; the terminology often used for those in low wageRead MoreThe Social Problem That I Chose For My Final Paper Is Poverty1592 Words   |  7 Pagesis Poverty in America. Poverty is the general scarcity, dearth, or the state of one who lacks a certain amount of material possessions or money. Since the early 1800s, industrialization and immigration has brought poverty of a new kind and on a new scale to American cities. I have chosen the topic of poverty because it is apart of my everyday life and world. Being a city kid from New York, I see homeless and poverty filled streets to the extreme. It has now become a normal lifestyle for millions ofRead MoreCombating Social Inequality : Poverty2261 Words   |  10 PagesCombating Social Inequality Social inequality is a global concern impacting not only the poorest nations, but also the most economically advanced nations in the world. More alarming is the amount of separation between the worlds’ wealthiest and the worlds’ poorest inhabitants, with the gap widening year after year. It is estimated that between 17,000 and 22,000 children die each day due to poverty, and more than 1 billion people lack access to clean drinking water. Governments have implemented policiesRead MoreSocial Class and Inequality3198 Words   |  13 PagesSocial Class and Inequality Social inequality has been defined as a conflicting status within a society with regards to the individual, property rights, and access to education, medical care, and welfare programs.    Much of society’s inequality can be attributed to the class status of a particular group, which has usually been largely determined by the group’s ethnicity or race (Macionis amp; Gerber, 2006).    The conflict perspective is an attempt to understand the group conflict thatRead MoreThe Ideological Development Of Social Work Practice2994 Words   |  12 Pagesessay I will be acknowledging the historical development of class, searching back over centuries and I will also be discussing how this ideological construct has influenced and impacted contemporary social work practice in Britain. Ideology is a dominant set of beliefs and values within our society, where certain ideas are reinforced and guide society in different ways. An example would be the specific characteristics of an individual or a social group. Ideology is often defined as a body of ideasRead MorePolitical Power Of The United States2245 Words   |  9 Pagesbecause the majority of officials tend to benefit from increased political power. Economic inequality, the uneven distribution of wealth in one direction, is the leading cause of poverty in the United States, and the number of individuals in poverty continue to grow. The government has neglected its citizens, and it has taken legislative favorability of the upper class rather than the middle and lower class. In the essay â€Å"Rent Seeking and the Making of an Unequal Society†, Joseph Stiglitz identifiesRead MoreIncome Inequality And Its Effect On The Environment2513 Words   |  11 Pages INCOME INEQUALITY AND ITS EFFECT ON THE ENVIRONMENT- III Student’s Name Course Dated â€Æ' INCOME INEQUALITY AND ITS EFFECT ON THE ENVIRONMENT INTRODUCTION Income inequality and its effect on environment have been highlighted by a number of authors. The previous paper in this regard highlighted general and government specific aspects of the two determinants of environment, environment degradation and health. The aim of this paper is to highlight the environmental emergency that emerges due incomeRead MoreThe Effects Of Physical Activity On Childhood Obesity3263 Words   |  14 Pagesbetween obesity and children. Williams et al. classifies overweight children through their body fat percentage, 25% for males and 30% for females.3 According to the Center for Disease Control, if BMI for age is greater than the 95th percentile, the individual is deemed overweight. If they are between 85th to 95th, they are at risk of becoming overweight.4 The process for developing obesity is still unclear when it comes to children but many suspect that the problem stems from multiple causes. PreviousRead MoreA 3000 Word Essay Identifying Two Public Health Issues Pertinent to Clinical Placement Area; Analyse These with Reference to Appropriate Literature and Research and Discuss the Public Health Role of the Midwife.4091 Words   |  17 Pagesto WHO, the main determinants of health include the social and economic environment, the physical environment and the persons individual characteristics and behaviours. The way in which an individual lives plays an important role on his / her life quality and health status. The social and economic environment is a key factor in determining the health status of individuals (WHO, 2010). The role of the midwife according to O’Luanaigh et al (2005) in promoting better public health is an integralRead MoreHuman Incarceration Of African Americans Essay2327 Words   |  10 Pagescertain things such as our race, age, sex, social class, or physical/mental disabilities; we just are aware of the different scenarios that humans could possible face and the facts of humanity. Rawls believes that by having self-interested rational individuals, masked by the Veil of Ignorance, it would create a fair procedure in which fair principles would be chosen in order to govern the world. With this in mind, Rawls argues that these individuals would choose two principles, Principle of Equal

Cask of Amontillado - 1545 Words

Foreshadowing the Fate in â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† In â€Å"Cask of Amontillado,† Edgar Allan Poe presents a murderous tale of revenge revealed as the confession of a man who murdered another man over fifty years ago because of an â€Å"insult.† During a carnival festival, the murderer led his companion to the catacombs where he buried the man alive. The charter of Montresor lures his victim, Fortunato with the promise of a fine sherry, amontillado. As Poe’s character of Montresor guides the wine connoisseur, Fortunato, Poe symbolically foreshadows the impending murder. Before even reading the story Poe foreshadows Fortunato’s fate with the title of the story. In the title of Poe’s â€Å"Cask of Amontillado† the â€Å"cask† is short for casket.†¦show more content†¦The Danes were creeping forward in a night raid when one of their party stepped on a thistle. His outcry roused the Scots, who fell upon the Danes with great fury and slaughtered them. Ever since, the thistle ha s been adopted as the insignia of Scotland, with the motto Nemo me impune lacessit. In the Montresor coat-of-arms, it is a snake that is stepped on, but the important similitude is the foot stepping to its own destruction. (Cervo 155-156) Fortunato, much like the Danes, fits what the coat of arms portrayed because he is stepping to his own demise. As Montresor guild Fortunato through his catacombs there are many signs of the impending doom that looms over Fortunato’s head. Montresor leads his companion through his family catacombs, a massive underground graveyard were many dead have been brought. Montresor has brought Fortunato there to bury him without honor by killing him in the Montresor family catacombs and not returning his body to his family graves. Throughout the trip in the catacombs Montresor points out a symbol of death the nitre. The nitre is used to make gunpowder a device used in the killing of many people. When Montresor asks Fortunato to pass his hand by the nitre and touch it he is telling Fortunato to touch death. The conditions in the catacombs also foreshadow the future of Fortunato. The nitre on the wall is cause by cold and wet conditions which causesShow MoreRelatedThe Cask of Am ontillado514 Words   |  2 PagesThe amontillado was a significant symbol because it is what is used to lure fortunate and represents a rare, â€Å"fortunate would clearly imply that is man of good fortunate, when the actual cause is that he is about to scuffs a mostly untimely demise† which is ironic because fortunato is not very fortunito. â€Å"montresor plans to take revenge on fortunate for insulting him in a big manner, that montresor wants to kill him. â€Å" montresor lures fortunateRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado Essay1041 Words   |  5 PagesWriter Kurt Vonnegut created eight tips that should be applied for any great story. In the short story, â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado†, by Edgar Allen Poe three of these tips are applied. Included in this story are: do not waste the reader’s time, each character must want something, and to be a sadist. Using these three tips makes Poe’s work a gripping short story that reveals how powerful words can be and that they can come with severe consequences. Also, that there can always be a lesson to be learnedRead MoreThe Cask Of Amontillado :825 Words   |  4 PagesChiara Cappelletti Professor Vega English 201-1112 February 8th THE CASK OF AMONTILLADO 5) Are individuals ever justified in taking justice into their own hands? Being raised based with Catholic principles implies that certain values, such as the respect for a persons life, became part of my own identity. Therefore, I personally believe that no one has the right to decide whether or not someone deserves to die. However, I believe that values and principles are the product of the societyRead Moreâ€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† Essay1543 Words   |  7 PagesI cannot begin talking about â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado† without first mentioning its author, Mr. Edgar Allen Poe and his unique style of writing. Poe’s style of writing is described as â€Å"Dark Gothic.† Poe uses irony to create a comedic effect which only foreshadows the horror ahead; his short story writing still giving readers the full effect of the story; Poe felt a story should be read in one sitting, with each event occurring in order keeping with the storyline as he states in his essay â€Å"TheRead MoreThemes Of The Cask Of The Amontillado 1104 Words   |  5 PagesEyad Daoud Alyson Dickerman ENG-102-18 February 25, 2015 Themes of A.S. Byatt and Poe In the stories â€Å"The Cask of The Amontillado† and â€Å"The Thing in The Forest†, the themes loss, madness, and fear were used. They both seem to start with some type of loss and end with a type of madness. In both stories Montresor and Penny from â€Å"The Thing in The Forest† have lost something affecting their lives greatly. These losses put these characters in some type of state of madness. Their loss make these storiesRead MoreRevenge In The Cask Of Amontillado1293 Words   |  6 PagesEdgar Allan Poe is an American author famously known for short stories of mystery and horror. One of the many short stories that Edgar Allan Poe is known for is The Cask of Amontillado. This short story is about Montressor’s seek of revenge to Fortunato who had hurt him a â€Å"thousand times† and learned that Fortunato laughed at his â€Å"proud name, Montressor, the name of an old and honored family† (Poe). Montressor devises a plan of revenge by us ing Fortunato’s â€Å"great weakness; he liked to drink goodRead More The Cask of Amontillado1774 Words   |  8 PagesIn Edgar Allan Poe’s â€Å"The Cask of Amontillado,† the main character, Montresor, leads his enemy, Fortunato, into his catacombs, and there buries him alive by bricking him up in a niche in the wall; Poe gives no actual reason for this except to say that Montresor has been â€Å"insulted† in some way. In his Science Fiction work â€Å"Usher II,† Ray Bradbury adopts many of Poe’s works in creating his story—including pieces from â€Å"TCoA.† What separates Bradbury’s work from other authors who borrow works and re-imagineRead MoreThe Cask of Amontillado Essay461 Words   |  2 PagesThe Cask of Amontillado is considered to be one of the best short stories. Written by Edgar Allan Poe in first person and having all the main events as a three hundred page fiction book, The Cask of Amontillado is a compl ete novel. This short story has several themes which function from the first page of the story such as: suspense, fear, and revenge. Fear, suspense, and the upcoming revenge can be seen on the first line of the story when Montresor says, The thousand injuries I had borne asRead MoreAnalysis Of The Cask Of Amontillado 1277 Words   |  6 PagesIt is often said that revenge is sweet, but that phrase does not hold to be extremely true throughout The Cask of Amontillado. There are various themes and lessons throughout the story, but there is one theme that seems to be shown more than others. The most prevalent theme is that jealousy can lead to vengeance, and ultimately lead to the downfall, or even death, of a person. This theme is clearly evident through the two main characters, Montresor and Fortunato. By looking closer at Montresor’sRead MoreAnalysis Of The Cask Of Amontillado 2056 Words   |  9 PagesIn The Cask of Amontillado Montresor lived for fifty years after killing Fortunato and he narrates the events of the story coldly and that leads some to wonder whether or not Montresor has changed and if he has changed how did he change. Over the fifty years between the events of The Cask Of Amontillado and the time when Montresor narrates the story, time changed Montresor into a guilty and shamed man that may have PTSD. The plot is simple Montresor has been insulted by Fortunato and he wants revenge

3 Common Problems with Internship Programs Free Essays

3 Common Problems with Internship Programs Suggested Solutions Many internships programs are plagued with problems. From not planning correctly to sometimes leaving an intern in the dark, a lot of companies do not take proactive measures to ensure the intern has a meaningful experience. However, this not only makes the internship unfulfilling, it may also leave a bad taste in the intern’s mouth, which could lead to company bashing or deterring others from applying in the future. We will write a custom essay sample on 3 Common Problems with Internship Programs or any similar topic only for you Order Now The good news is that many failing internship programs can be salvaged. Here are three common problems and how to fix them: The internship is one-sided. Many interns commit to an internship with the promise of creating relationships with the members of the organization, as well as establishing contacts through networking. However, some interns find that programs are very one-sided and benefits like having a mentor are almost non-existent. However, the whole point of an internship is to learn from more experienced professionals. So, you may want to think about spending more time mentoring your intern by asking them what you can do to assist them with their goals and helping them grow from intern to young professional. Think about creating an internship plan, meeting with your intern on a regular basis, and keeping them informed on company news. The more feedback you give them, the more your intern learns. Tasks are unrelated or irrelevant. We’ve all heard the internship stereotypes, like coffee runner, cabinet filer, or document copier. While these tasks obviously need to be done by someone, it probably shouldn’t be the highlight of an internship program. For example, if you work in an architecture firm and need an intern, their tasks could include things like assisting in creating blueprints, suggesting additions to site planning, or helping to manage a client deal. These are real experiences. After all, you’re only discrediting your image and the image of your company if you continue to dish out menial tasks. If you’re not going have a meaningful internship program, what’s the point of even having one? The â€Å"just an intern† syndrome. Many of us have had the â€Å"just an intern† syndrome. It happens when the intern doesn’t feel like a real part of the team or a real asset, so they glide through the program with little to no experience. However, this is not just a waste of time for the intern (and frankly, for your company). It could lower your rate of production and the quality of work since there may not be an incentive, either through pay or appreciation. So, what can you do to flip the â€Å"just an intern† mentality? How about giving your intern real responsibilities that will contribute to the well-being of your team and the organization? It’s not as crazy as it sounds. By giving someone an actual reason to perform at their highest level, you could make them feel important, thus increasing the chances of efficiency and putting their work to a higher standard. Ultimately it comes down to appreciation. We all want to feel like we positively contributed to a job and were credited for it. Make sure your internship program reflects this as well. Sources: www. internadvocate. com How to cite 3 Common Problems with Internship Programs, Papers

Mobile Phones free essay sample

My cell phone is my best friend. Its my lifeline to the outside world. Carrie Underwood Like every body here my cell phone is my best friend. Thanks to martin cooper who has invented such a lovely gadget which has stored a mini world in it. and thanks to Android Inc who has given such a beautiful OS where we can download many apps. And coming to the topic now I am basically not so extrovert so that it helps me a lot in passing my time especially when I feel lonely. I never feel bad that I am staying away from home because whenever I want where ever I am I can Speak to my Parents and fight with my brother. And I can access to FB and can chat with all my friends. Where ever I go If I can see some thing beautiful I don need to worry that I am not carrying may camera with me. We will write a custom essay sample on Mobile Phones or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I have my mobile phone which can replace the camera and will give beautiful pictures. Unfortunately, although it may be a good idea for youngsters to have them, not one of them would accept a simple basic cell phone that only made calls and sent SMS would they? Although the increase in cell phone popularity may not have been expected to reach such a high level, the manufacturers have improved the cell phone enormously in a very short space of time. Manufacturers and Computer Experts have introduced the possibility of giving your phone personality by introducing cellular phone wallpapers. The internet has been a big help with obtaining wallpaper directly available online. Now, using the cell phones own camera, images can be used as wallpaper and even sent to other phones. If you prefer you can use an image you have captured previously on your own digital camera but the process takes a little longer to install. Why not add some text as well, possibly something funny to your cellular phone wallpaper, just to add a little more of your personality. Those people that have older models may not be able to do this but it really shouldnt matter or make you feel as if you are missing out on something. Cell phone ring tones are another way of giving you phone that individual feel so even if your phone cannot change its background, you may find that the ring tone can be changed to make your model more individual. You must never forget what the cell-phone is actually for and remember that sending a SMS text does not need the most popular background or ring tone to help it on its way! Functionality does not necessitate cellular phone wallpapers; their use is only to dress up your phone and for the purpose of flaunting your cell-phones high technology features, nothing more. Try to bear in mind that not everyone is interested in your life and conversations so as a final point try to think of others when you use your phone. Many people will judge you by how you use your cell-phone as it shows what type of person you are. There are many locations where it is not suitable, or accepted that a cell phone should be used, and you will have more respect from others if you turn it off when you are in this type of situation. Good behavior can be catching and yours may lead others to do the same, be different, do not do what others do just because it is easier. It is a two-way thing, if you exhibit telephone etiquette, the people around you will do the same. Now with the fast paced life that most of us live with in juggling work and family we have entered into the mobile Internet era. I, myself thought I would never need a mobile phone with internet access so when I purchased my current phone which is a smart phone I was surprised how much I rely on the internet use.

Biography of Janet Emerson Bashen, American Inventor

Biography of Janet Emerson Bashen, American Inventor Janet Emerson Bashen (born February 12, 1957) is an American inventor and entrepreneur and the first African-American woman to hold a patent for a software invention. The patented software, LinkLine, is a web-based application for Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) claims intake and tracking, claims management, and document management. Bashen has been inducted into the Black Inventors Hall of Fame and is the recipient of numerous awards for her business and technological achievements. Fast Facts: Janet Emerson Bashen Known For: Emerson is the first African-American woman to secure a patent for a software invention.Also Known As: Janet EmersonBorn: February 12, 1957 in Mansfield, OhioEducation: Alabama AM University, University of Houston, Rice UniversityAwards and Honors: National Association of Negro Women in Business Crystal Award, Black Inventors Hall of Fame, Houston, Texas Chamber of Commerce Pinnacle AwardSpouse: Steven BashenChildren: Blair Alise Bashen, Drew Alec BashenNotable Quote: â€Å"My success and failures make me who I am and who I am is a black woman raised in the south by working-class parents who tried to give me a better life by fostering a fervent commitment to succeed.† Early Life Janet Emerson Bashen was born Janet Emerson on February 12, 1957, in Mansfield, Ohio. She was raised in Huntsville, Alabama, where her mother was the citys first black nurse. Bashen attended an elementary school that had only recently been integrated, and she faced discrimination throughout her childhood and youth. After attending Alabama AM University, a historically black college, Emerson married Steven Bashen and relocated to Houston, Texas. Years later after achieving her business success, Bashen said that growing up in the South sparked her interest in social inequality and diversity: â€Å"As a black girl growing up in the segregated South, I asked my parents many questions; they didnt have answers. This started a life-long quest of trying to understand our country’s history and struggle with issues of race. This research led me to gender issues and then my passion with EEO grew into a business interest that has evolved, incorporating diversity and inclusion initiatives.† Education Bashen earned a degree in legal studies and government from the University of Houston and completed postgraduate studies at Rice University’s Jesse H. Jones Graduate School of Administration. She later earned a certificate from Harvard University for her participation in the â€Å"Women and Power: Leadership in a New World program. Bashen also has a masters degree from Tulane Law School, where she studied labor and employment law. Bashen Corporation Bashen is the founder, president, and CEO of Bashen Corporation, a leading human resources consulting firm that pioneered end-to-end Equal Employment Opportunities (EEO) compliance administration services. Bashen established the company in September 1994, building the business from her home office with no money, only one client, and a fervent commitment to succeed. As the business grew, Bashen began servicing more and more clients, and this demand led her to design her own case management software known as LinkLine. Bashen earned a patent for this tool in 2006, making her the first African-American woman to earn a patent for a software invention. For Bashen, the tool was a way to simplify claims tracking and document management by replacing the cumbersome paper process used by most businesses at the time: â€Å"I came up with the idea in 2001. Not everyone had a cell phone in 2001. I saw that papers in process got lost. There had to be a way to take in complaints- something Web-based and accessible away from the office...We worked months and months on the design. At the same time, I contacted a very large law firm and told the team I wanted to see if I could get a patent because no one was doing this. Bashen and her company have been recognized nationally for their business achievements. In May 2000, Bashen testified before Congress regarding the effect of the FTC opinion letter on third-party discrimination investigations. Bashen, along with Rep. Sheila Jackson Lee, D-Texas, were key figures in a debate that resulted in a change in legislation. In October 2002, Bashen Corporation was named one of America’s entrepreneurial growth leaders by Inc. Magazine in its annual ranking of the nation’s fastest-growing private companies, with an increase in sales of 552%. In October 2003, Bashen was given the Pinnacle Award by the Houston Citizens Chamber of Commerce. Bashen is also the recipient of the prestigious Crystal Award, presented by the National Association of Negro Business and Professional Women’s Clubs, Inc., for achievement in business. In 2010, she was recognized at the World Festival of Black Arts and Culture in Dakar, Senegal. Since creating LinkLine, Bashen has developed additional tools to bolster and support diversity in the workplace. One of these is AAP Advisory, a division of Bashen Corporation that offers guidance to clients on best practices for affirmative action in the workplace. The company has an advisory team in place to help businesses achieve diversity within their organizations. Bashens AAPLink is a software service designed to assist with such diversity efforts. Bashen also runs the hotline 1-800Intake, a tool to help small- and medium-sized businesses receive and manage workplace complaints. Together, this suite of tools enables businesses to ensure they are following the best practices for building diverse and inclusive environments. Public Service Bashen serves on the board of directors for the North Harris Montgomery County Community College District Foundation and chairs the corporate advisory board of the National Association of Negro Business and Professional Women’s Clubs, Inc. She is also a board member of PrepProgram, a non-profit organization dedicated to preparing at-risk student-athletes for college. In 2014, she served on the women’s leadership board at Harvard’s John F. Kennedy School of Government. Sources Ackerman, Lauren. â€Å"Janet Emerson Bashen (1957- ) BlackPast.†Ã‚  BlackPast.Holmes, Keith C.  Black Inventors: Crafting over 200 Years of Success. Global Black Inventor Research Projects, 2008.Montague, Charlotte.  Women of Invention: Life-Changing Ideas by Remarkable Women. Crestline Books, 2018.

Howler Monkey Facts (Alouatta)

Howler Monkey Facts (Alouatta) Howler monkeys (genus Alouatta) are the largest New World monkeys. They are the loudest land animal, producing howls that can be heard up to three miles away. Fifteen species and seven subspecies of howler monkey are currently recognized. Fast Facts: Howler Monkey Scientific Name: AlouattaCommon Names: Howler monkey, New World baboonBasic Animal Group: MammalSize: Head and body: 22-36 inches; tail: 23-36 inchesWeight: 15-22 poundsLifespan: 15-20 yearsDiet: OmnivoreHabitat: Central and South American forestsPopulation: DecreasingConservation Status: Least Concern to Endangered Description Like other New World monkeys, howler monkeys have wide side-set nostrils and furred prehensile tails with naked tips that help the primates grip tree branches. Howler monkeys have beards and long, thick hair in shades of black, brown, or red, depending on sex and species. The monkeys are sexually dimorphic, with males 3 to 5 pounds heavier than females. In some species, such as the black howler monkey, mature males and females have different coat colors. Howler monkeys are the largest New World monkeys, with head and body length averaging 22 to 36 inches. One characteristic of the species is its extremely long, thick tail. The average tail length is 23 to 36 inches, but there are howler monkeys with tails five times their body length. Adults weigh between 15 and 22 pounds. Like humans, but unlike other New World monkeys, howlers have trichromatic vision. Both male and female howler monkeys have an enlarged hyoid bone (Adams apple) that helps them make extremely loud calls. Males and females are different colors in some howler monkey species. Tier Und Naturfotografie J und C Sohns / Getty Images Habitat and Distribution Howler monkeys live in the tropical forests of Central and South America. They spend their lives in the tree canopy, only rarely descending to the ground. Howler monkey distribution. Miguelrangeljr IUCN / Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License Diet The monkeys primarily forage tree leaves from the upper canopy, but also eat fruit, flowers, nuts, and buds. They sometimes supplement their diet with eggs. Like other mammals, howler monkeys cannot digest cellulose from leaves. Bacteria in the large intestine ferment cellulose and produce nutrient-rich gases which the animals use as an energy source. Behavior Obtaining energy from leaves is an inefficient process, so howler monkeys are generally slow-moving and live within relatively small home ranges (77 acres for 15 to 20 animals). Males vocalize at dawn and dusk to identify their position and communicate with other troops. This minimizes conflict over feeding and sleeping grounds. Troop ranges overlap, so howling lessens the need for males to patrol territories or fight. Each troop consists of six to 15 animals, usually containing one to three adult males. Mantled howler monkey troops are larger and contain more males. Howler monkeys rest in the trees about half of the day. Reproduction and Offspring Howler monkeys reach sexual maturity around 18 months of age and display sexual readiness by tongue-flicking. Mating and birth may occur at any time of the year. Mature females give birth every two years. Gestation is 180 days for the black howler monkey and results in a single offspring. At birth, both male and female black howler monkeys are blond, but males turn black at two and a half years of age. In other species the color of the young and adults is the same for both sexes. Adolescent males and females leave their parents troop to join unrelated troops. The average life expectancy of a howler monkey is 15 to 20 years. Conservation Status Howler monkey IUCN conservation status varies according to species, ranging from least concern to endangered. The population trend is unknown for some species and decreasing for all others. Howler monkeys are protected in parts of their range. Threats The species faces multiple threats. Like other New World monkeys, howlers are hunted for food. They face habitat loss and degradation from deforestation and land development for residential, commercial, and agricultural use. Howler monkeys also face competition from other species, such as spider monkeys and woolly monkeys. Howler Monkeys and Humans Howler monkeys are not aggressive toward humans and are sometimes kept as pets despite their loud vocalizations. Some Mayan tribes worshiped howler monkeys as gods. Sources Boubli, J., Di Fiore, A., Rylands, A.B. Mittermeier, R.A. Alouatta nigerrima. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018: e.T136332A17925825. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T136332A17925825.enGroves, C.P. Order Primates. In: D.E. Wilson and D.M. Reeder (eds), Mammal Species of the World, pp. 111-184. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, 2005.Neville, M. K., Glander, K. E., Braza, F. and Rylands, A. B. The howling monkeys, genus Alouatta. In: R. A. Mittermeier, A. B. Rylands, A. F. Coimbra-Filho an G. A. B. da Fonseca (ed.), The Ecology and Behavior of Neotropical Primates, Vol. 2, pp. 349–453, 1988. World Wildlife Fund, Washington, DC, USA.Sussman, R. Primate Ecology and Social Structure, Vol. 2: New World Monkeys, Revised First Edition. Pearson Prentice Hall. pp. 142–145. July, 2003. ISBN 978-0-536-74364-0.